The Book Of Genesis: 24-30 (בראשית)

The Book Of Genesis: 24-30 (בראשית)

“The dignity of the Scriptures is such that having for Author God Himself, they contain His most exalted mysteries, designs, and works.
About the Savior of the human race, nothing is more fruitful and more significant than what is found throughout the entire Bible; and Jerome was right when he affirmed that ‘ignorance of the Scriptures is ignorance of Christ.’”
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The Book of Genesis,[a] the first book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament,[1] is an account of the creation of the world, the early history of humanity, Israel’s ancestors, and the origins of the Jewish people.[2] Its Hebrew name is the same as its first word, Bereshit (“In the beginning”).
It is divisible into two parts, the primeval history (chapters 1–11) and the ancestral history (chapters 12–50).[3] The primeval history sets out the author’s concepts of the nature of the deity and of humankind’s relationship with its maker: God creates a world which is good and fit for mankind, but when man corrupts it with sin God decides to destroy his creation, sparing only the righteous Noah and his family to reestablish the relationship between man and God.[4] The ancestral history (chapters 12–50) tells of the prehistory of Israel, God’s chosen people.[5] At God’s command, Noah’s descendant Abraham journeys from his birthplace (described as Ur of the Chaldeans and whose identification with Sumerian Ur is tentative in modern scholarship) into the God-given land of Canaan, where he dwells as a sojourner, as does his son Isaac and his grandson Jacob. Jacob’s name is changed to ‘Israel’, and through the agency of his son Joseph, the children of Israel descend into Egypt, 70 people in all with their households and God promises them a future of greatness. Genesis ends with Israel in Egypt, ready for the coming of Moses and the Exodus. The narrative is punctuated by a series of covenants with God, successively narrowing in scope from all mankind (the covenant with Noah) to a special relationship with one people alone (Abraham and his descendants through Isaac and Jacob).
In Judaism, the theological importance of Genesis centres on the covenants linking God to his chosen people and the people to the Promised Land. Christianity has interpreted Genesis as the prefiguration of certain cardinal Christian beliefs, primarily the need for salvation (the hope or assurance of all Christians) and the redemptive act of Christ on the Cross as the fulfilment of covenant promises as the Son of God.
Tradition credits Moses as the author of Genesis, as well as the books of Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and most of Deuteronomy, but modern scholars, especially from the 19th century onward, see them as a product of the 6th and 5th centuries BC.
סֵפֶר בְּרֵאשִׁית הוא הספר הראשון בספרי התנ”ך. בתנ”ך היהודי הספר פותח את חלק ה”תורה” (חמישה חומשי תורה), ובביבליה הנוצרית מכונה הספר Γένεσις בתרגום השבעים היווני, או Genesis בתרגום הוולגטה הלטיני, והוא כלול ב”Pentateuch” (חמשת הספרים) שבברית הישנה.
על פי האמונה היהודית בתורה מן השמים, כתיבת הספר נעשתה בידי משה רבנו, שכתב מפי האלוהים. מספר פרשני מקרא באשכנז של ימי הביניים כבר הצביעו על עריכות בספר המאוחרות לימי משה. בחקר המקרא מקובל לייחס את הספר לעריכה של מספר מקורות שהסתיימה בתקופת בית ראשון. הספר מכיל חמישים פרקים וארבעים ושלושה סדרים, והוא מתאר את אירועי בריאת העולם וראשית האנושות עד לרדת שבטי ישראל למצרים, כפי שהתרחשו על פי המקרא.